§571.213 Standard No. 213; Child restraint systems.
S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for child restraint systems used in motor vehicles and aircraft.
S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of children killed or injured in motor vehicle crashes and in aircraft.
S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses, and to child restraint systems for use in motor vehicles and aircraft.
Backless child restraint system means a child restraint, other than a belt-positioning seat, that consists of a seating platform that does not extend up to provide a cushion for the child's back or head and has a structural element designed to restrain forward motion of the child's torso in a forward impact.
Belt-positioning seat means a child restraint system that positions a child on a vehicle seat to improve the fit of a vehicle Type II belt system on the child and that lacks any component, such as a belt system or a structural element, designed to restrain forward movement of the child's torso in a forward impact.
Booster seat means either a backless child restraint system or a belt-positioning seat.
Built–in child restraint system means a child restraint system that is designed to be an integral part of and permanently installed in a motor vehicle.
Car bed means a child restraint system designed to restrain or position a child in the supine or prone position on a continuous flat surface.
Child restraint anchorage system is defined in S3 of FMVSS No. 225 (§571.225).
Child restraint system means any device, except Type I or Type II seat belts, designed for use in a motor vehicle or aircraft to restrain, seat, or position children who weigh 30 kilograms (kg) or less.
Contactable surface means any child restraint system surface (other than that of a belt, belt buckle, or belt adjustment hardware) that may contact any part of the head or torso of the appropriate test dummy, specified in S7, when a child restraint system is tested in accordance with S6.1.
Factory–installed built–in child restraint system means a built-in child restraint system that has been or will be permanently installed in a motor vehicle before that vehicle is certified as a completed or altered vehicle in accordance with part 567 of this chapter.
Harness means a combination pelvic
and upper torso child restraint system that consists primarily of flexible
material, such as straps, webbing or similar material, and that does not include a rigid seating structure for the
child.
Rear–facing child restraint system means a child restraint system, except a car bed, that positions a child to face in the direction opposite to the normal direction of travel of the motor vehicle.
Representative aircraft passenger seat means either a Federal Aviation Administration approved production aircraft passenger seat or a simulated aircraft passenger seat conforming to Figure 6.
Seat orientation reference line or SORL means the horizontal line through Point Z as illustrated in Figure 1A.
Specific vehicle shell means the actual vehicle model part into which the built–in child restraint system is or is intended to be fabricated, including the complete surroundings of the built–in system. If the built–in child restraint system is or is intended to be fabricated as part of any seat other than a front seat, these surroundings include the back of the seat in front, the interior rear side door panels and trim, the floor pan, adjacent pillars (e.g., the B and C pillars), and the ceiling. If the built–in system is or is intended to be fabricated as part of the front seat, these surroundings include the dashboard, the steering mechanism and its associated trim hardware, any levers and knobs installed on the floor or on a console, the interior front side door panels and trim, the front seat, the floor pan, the A pillars and the ceiling.
Tether anchorage is defined in S3 of FMVSS No. 225 (§571.225).
Tether hook is defined in S3 of FMVSS No. 225 (§571.225).
Tether strap is defined in S3 of FMVSS No. 225 (§571.225).
Torso means the portion of the body of a seated anthropomorphic test dummy, excluding the thighs, that lies between the top of the child restraint system seating surface and the top of the shoulders of the test dummy.
S5. Requirements. (a) Each motor vehicle with a built-in child restraint system shall meet the requirements in this section when, as specified, tested in accordance with S6.1 and this paragraph.
(b) Each child restraint system manufactured for use in motor vehicles shall meet the requirements in this section when, as specified, tested in accordance with S6.1 and this paragraph. Each add-on system shall meet the requirements at each of the restraint's seat back angle adjustment positions and restraint belt routing positions, when the restraint is oriented in the direction recommended by the manufacturer (e.g., forward, rearward or laterally) pursuant to S5.6, and tested with the test dummy specified in S7.
(c) Each child restraint system manufactured for use in aircraft shall meet the requirements in this section and the additional requirements in S8.
(d) Each child restraint tested with a Part 572 Subpart S dummy need not meet S5.1.2 and S5.1.3.
S5.1 Dynamic
performance.
S5.1.1 Child restraint system integrity. When tested in accordance with S6.1, each child restraint system shall meet the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.
(a) Exhibit no complete separation of any load bearing structural element and no partial separation exposing either surfaces with a radius of less than ¼ inch or surfaces with protrusions greater than 3/8 inch above the immediate adjacent surrounding contactable surface of any structural element of the system.
(b)(1) If adjustable to different positions, remain in the same adjustment position during the testing that it was in immediately before the testing, except as otherwise specified in paragraph (b)(2).
(b)(2)(i) Subject to paragraph (b)(2)(ii), a rear–facing child restraint system may have a means for repositioning the seating surface of the system that allows the system's occupant to move from a reclined position to an upright position and back to a reclined position during testing.
(b)(2)(ii) No opening that is exposed and is larger than ¼ inch before the testing shall become smaller during the testing as a result of the movement of the seating surface relative to the restraint system as a whole.
(c) If a front facing child restraint system, not allow the angle between the system's back support surfaces for the child and the system's seating surface to be less than 45° at the completion of the test.
S5.1.2 Injury criteria. When tested in accordance with S6.1 and with the test dummies specified in S7, each child restraint system manufactured before August 1, 2005, that, in accordance with S5.5.2, is recommended for use by children whose mass is more than 10 kg shall—
(a) Limit the resultant acceleration at the location of the accelerometer mounted in the test dummy head as specified in Part 572 such that the expression:
shall not exceed 1,000, where a is the resultant acceleration expressed as a multiple of g (the acceleration of gravity), and t1 and t2 are any two moments during the impacts.
(b) Limit the resultant acceleration at the location of the accelerometer mounted in the test dummy upper thorax as specified in Part 572 to not more than 60 g's, except for intervals whose cumulative duration is not more than 3 milliseconds.
S5.1.2.1 When tested in accordance with
S6.1 and with the test dummies specified in S7, each child restraint system
manufactured on or after August 1, 2005 shall'
(a) Limit the resultant acceleration at the location of the accelerometer
mounted in the test dummy head such that, for any two points in time, t1 and
t2, during the event which are separated by not more than a 36 millisecond time
interval and where t1 is less than t2, the maximum calculated head injury
criterion (HIC36) shall not exceed
1,000, determined using the resultant head acceleration at the center of
gravity of the dummy head, ar,
expressed as a multiple of g (the acceleration of gravity), calculated using
the expression:
S5.1.2.2 At the manufacturer's option (with said option irrevocably selected
prior to, or at the time of, certification of the restraint), child restraint
systems manufactured before August 1, 2005 may be tested to the requirements of
S5 while using the test dummies specified in S7.1.2 of this standard according
to the criteria for selecting test dummies specified in that paragraph. That
paragraph specifies the dummies used to test child restraint systems
manufactured on or after
S5.1.3 Occupant excursion. When tested in accordance with S6.1 and the requirements specified in this section, each child restraint system shall meet the applicable excursion limit requirements specified in S5.1.3.1-S5.1.3.3.
S5.1.3.1 Child restraint systems other than rear–facing ones and car beds. Each child restraint system, other than a rear-facing child restraint system or a car bed, shall retain the test dummy's torso within the system.
(a) For each add-on child restraint system:
(a)(1) No portion of the test dummy's head shall pass through a vertical transverse plane that is 720 mm or 813 mm (as specified in the table in this S5.1.3.1) forward of point Z on the standard seat assembly, measured along the center SORL (as illustrated in figure 1B of this standard); and
(a)(2) Neither knee pivot point shall pass through a vertical transverse plane that is 915 mm forward of point Z on the standard seat assembly, measured along the center SORL.
(b) In the case of a built-in child restraint system, neither knee pivot point shall, at any time during the dynamic test, pass through a vertical transverse plane that is 305 mm forward of the initial pre-test position of the respective knee pivot point, measured along a horizontal line that passes through the knee pivot point and is parallel to the vertical longitudinal plane that passes through the vehicle's longitudinal centerline.
S5.1.3.2 Rear-facing child restraint systems. In the case of each rear-facing child restraint system, all portions of the test dummy's torso shall be retained within the system and neither of the target points on either side of the dummy's head and on the transverse axis passing through the center of mass of the dummy's head and perpendicular to the head's midsagittal plane, shall pass through the transverse orthogonal planes whose intersection contains the forward-most and top-most points on the child restraint system surfaces (illustrated in Figure 1C).
S5.1.3.3 Car beds. In the case of car beds, all portions of the test dummy's head and torso shall be retained within the confines of the car bed.
S5.1.4 Back support angle. When a rear–facing child restraint system is tested in accordance with S6.1, the angle between the system's back support surface for the child and the vertical shall not exceed 70°.
S5.2 Force
distribution.
S5.2.1 Minimum head support surface—child restraints other than car beds.
S5.2.1.1 Except as provided in S5.2.1.2, each child restraint system other than a car bed shall provide restraint against rearward movement of the head of the child (rearward in relation to the child) by means of a continuous seat back which is an integral part of the system and which —
(a) Has a height, measured along the system seat back surface for the child
in the vertical longitudinal plane passing through the longitudinal centerline
of the child restraint systems from the lowest point on the system seating
surface that is contacted by the buttocks of the seated dummy, as follows:
|
Weight 1 |
Height 2 (mm) |
|
Not more than 18 kg |
500 |
|
More than 18 kg |
560 |
1
When a child restraint system is recommended under S5.5 for use by children of
the above weights.
2 The height of the portion of the system seat back providing head restraint
shall not be less than the above.
(b) Has a width of not less than 8 inches, measured in the horizontal plane at the height specified in paragraph (a) of this section. Except that a child restraint system with side supports extending at least 4 inches forward from the padded surface of the portion of the restraint system provided for support of the child's head may have a width of not less than 6 inches, measured in the horizontal plane at the height specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) Limits the rearward rotation of the test dummy head so that the angle between the head and torso of the dummy specified in S7 when tested in accordance with S6.1 is not more than 45° greater than the angle between the head and torso after the dummy has been placed in the system in accordance with S6.1.2.3 and before the system is tested in accordance with S6.1.
S5.2.1.2 The applicability of the requirements of S5.2.1.1 to a front-facing child restraint, and the conformance of any child restraint other than a car bed to those requirements, is determined using the largest of the test dummies specified in S7 for use in testing that restraint, provided that the 6-year-old dummy described in subpart I or subpart N of part 572 of this title is not used to determine the applicability of or compliance with S5.2.1.1. A front-facing child restraint system is not required to comply with S5.2.1.1 if the target point on either side of the dummy's head is below a horizontal plane tangent to the top of—
(a) The standard seat assembly, in the case of an add–on child restraint system, when the dummy is positioned in the system and the system is installed on the assembly in accordance with S6.1.2.
(b) The vehicle seat, in the case of a built–in child restraint system, when the system is activated and the dummy is positioned in the system in accordance with S6.1.2.
S5.2.2 Torso impact protection. Each child restraint system other than a car bed shall comply with the applicable requirements of S5.2.2.1 and S5.2.2.2.
S5.2.2.1(a) The system surface provided for the support of the child's back shall be flat or concave and have a continuous surface area of not less than 85 square inches.
(b) Each system surface provided for support of the side of the child's torso shall be flat or concave and have a continuous surface of not less than 24 square inches for systems recommended for children weighing 20 pounds or more, or 48 square inches for systems recommended for children weighing less than 20 pounds.
(c) Each horizontal cross section of each system surface designed to restrain forward movement of the child's torso shall be flat or concave and each vertical longitudinal cross section shall be flat or convex with a radius of curvature of the underlying structure of not less than 2 inches.
S5.2.2.2 Each forward–facing child restraint system shall have no fixed or movable surface—
(a) Directly forward of the dummy and intersected by a horizontal line—
(a)(1) Parallel to the SORL, in the case of the add–on child restraint system, or
(a)(2) Parallel to a vertical plane through the longitudinal center line of the vehicle seat, in the case of the built–in child restraint system, and
(b) Passing through any portion of the dummy, except for surfaces which restrain the dummy when the system is tested in accordance with S6.1.2(a)(2), so that the child restraint system shall conform to the requirements of S5.1.2 and S5.1.3.1.
S5.2.3 Head impact protection.
S5.2.3.1 Each
child restraint system other than a child harness, manufactured before
S5.2.3.2 Each system surface, except for protrusions that comply with S5.2.4, which is contactable by the dummy head when the system is tested in accordance with S6.1 shall be covered with slow recovery, energy absorbing material with the following characteristics:
(a) A 25% compression–deflection resistance of not less than 0.5 and not more than 10 pounds per square inch when tested in accordance with S6.3.
(b) A thickness of not less than ½ inch for materials having a 25% compression–deflection resistance of not less than 1.8 and not more than 10 pounds per square inch when tested in accordance with S6.3. Materials having a 25% compression–deflection resistance of less than 1.8 pounds per square inch shall have a thickness of not less than ¾ inch.
S5.2.4 Protrusion limitation. Any portion of a rigid structural component within or underlying a contactable surface, or any portion of a child restraint system surface that is subject to the requirements of S5.2.3 shall, with any padding or other flexible overlay material removed, have a height above any immediately adjacent restraint system surface of not more than 3/8 inch and no exposed edge with a radius of less than ¼ inch.
S5.3.1 Add-on child restraints shall meet
either (a) or (b), as appropriate.
(a) Except for components designed to attach to a child restraint anchorage system, each add-on child restraint system must not have any means designed for attaching the system to a vehicle seat cushion or vehicle seat back and any component (except belts) that is designed to be inserted between the vehicle seat cushion and vehicle seat back.
(b) Harnesses manufactured for use on school bus seats must meet S5.3.1(a) of this
standard, unless a label that conforms in content to Figure 12 and to the
requirements of S5.3.1(b)(1) through S5.3.1(b)(3) of this standard is
permanently affixed to the part of the harness that attaches the system to a
vehicle seat back. Harnesses that are not labeled as required by this paragraph
must meet S5.3.1(a).
(b)(1) The label must be plainly visible when installed and easily readable.
(b)(2) The message area must be white with black text. The message area must
be no less than 20 square centimeters.
(b)(3) The pictogram shall be gray and black with a red circle and slash on
a white background. The pictogram shall be no less than 20 mm in diameter.
S5.3.2 Each add-on child restraint system shall be capable of meeting the requirements of this standard when installed solely by each of the means indicated in the following table for the particular type of child restraint system:
(Editor’s Note: See
Tables at end of Standard §571.213.)
S5.3.3 Car beds. Each car bed shall be designed to be installed on a vehicle seat so that the car bed's longitudinal axis is perpendicular to a vertical longitudinal plane through the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
S5.4 Belts, belt buckles, and belt webbing.
[Editor's Note: S5.4.1 and S5.4.1.1 will be revised effective August 7, 2006. The compliance date of this rule is September 1, 2007.] [New Text]
S5.4.1 Performance requirements.
S5.4.1.1 Child restraint systems manufactured before September 1, 2007. The webbing of belts provided with a child restraint system and used to attach the system to the vehicle or to restrain the child within the system shall—
(a) After being subjected to abrasion as specified in S5.1(d) or S5.3(c) of FMVSS 209 (§571.209), have a breaking strength of not less than 75 percent of the strength of the unabraded webbing when tested in accordance with S5.1(b) of FMVSS 209. A mass of 2.35 ± .05 kg shall be used in the test procedure in S5.1(d) of FMVSS 209 for webbing, including webbing used to secure a child restraint system to the tether and lower anchorages of a child restraint anchorage system, except that a mass of 1.5 .05 kg shall be used for webbing in pelvic and upper torso restraints of a belt assembly used in a child restraint system. The mass is shown as (B) in Figure 2 of FMVSS 209.
(b) Meet the requirements of S4.2 (e) and (f) of FMVSS No. 209 (§571.209); and
(c) If contactable by the test dummy torso when the system is tested in accordance with S6.1, have a width of not less than 11/2 inches when measured in accordance with S5.4.1.3.
[Editor's Note: S5.4.1.2 and S5.4.1.3 will be added effective August 7,
2006. The compliance date of this rule is September 1, 2007.]
S5.4.1.2 Child restraint systems manufactured on or after September 1, 2007. The webbing of belts provided with a child restraint system and used to attach the system to the vehicle or to restrain the child within the system shall—
(a) Have a minimum breaking strength for new webbing of not less than 15,000 N in the case of webbing used to secure a child restraint system to the vehicle, including the tether and lower anchorages of a child restraint anchorage system, and not less than 11,000 N in the case of the webbing used to secure a child to a child restraint system when tested in accordance with S5.1 of FMVSS No. 209. Each value shall be not less than the 15,000 N and 11,000 N applicable breaking strength requirements, but the median value shall be used for determining the retention of breaking strength in paragraphs (b)(1), (c)(1), and (c)(2) of this section S5.4.1.2. “New webbing” means webbing that has not been exposed to abrasion, light or micro-organisms as specified elsewhere in this section.
(b)(1) After being subjected to abrasion as specified in S5.1(d) or S5.3(c) of FMVSS 209 (§571.209), have a breaking strength of not less than 75 percent of the new webbing strength, when tested in accordance with S5.1(b) of FMVSS 209.
(b)(2) A mass of 2.35 ± .05 kg shall be used in the test procedure in S5.1(d) of FMVSS 209 for webbing, including webbing to secure a child restraint system to the tether and lower anchorages of a child restraint anchorage system, except that a mass of 1.5 ± .05 kg shall be used for webbing in pelvic and upper torso restraints of a belt assembly used in a child restraint system. The mass is shown as (B) in Figure 2 of FMVSS 209.
(c)(1) After exposure to the light of a carbon arc and tested by the procedure specified in S5.1(e) of FMVSS 209 (§571.209), have a breaking strength of not less than 60 percent of the new webbing, and shall have a color retention not less than No. 2 on the Geometric Gray Scale published by the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, Post Office Box 886, Durham, NC.
(c)(2) After being subjected to micro-organisms and tested by the procedures specified in S5.1(f) of FMVSS 209 (§571.209), shall have a breaking strength not less than 85 percent of the new webbing.
(d) If contactable by the test dummy torso when the system is tested in accordance with S6.1, have a width of not less than 11/2 inches when measured in accordance with S5.4.1.3.
S5.4.1.3 Width test procedure. Condition the webbing for 24 hours in an atmosphere of any relative humidity between 48 and 67 percent, and any ambient temperature between 70º and 77 ºF. Measure belt webbing width under a tension of 5 pounds applied lengthwise.
S5.4.2 Belt buckles and belt adjustment hardware. Each belt buckle and item of belt adjustment hardware used in a child restraint system shall conform to the requirements of S4.3(a) and S4.3(b) of §571.209).
S5.4.3 Belt Restraint.
S5.4.3.1 General. Each belt that is part of a child restraint system and that is designed to restrain a child using the system shall be adjustable to snugly fit any child whose height and weight are within the ranges recommended in accordance with S5.5.2(f) and who is positioned in the system in accordance with the instructions required by S5.6.
S5.4.3.2 Direct restraint. Except for a child restraint system whose mass is less than 4.4 kg, each belt that is part of a child restraint system and that is designed to restrain a child using the system and to attach the system to the vehicle, and each Type I and lap portion of a Type II vehicle belt that is used to attach the system to the vehicle shall, when tested in accordance with S6.1, impose no loads on the child that result from the mass of the system, or
(a) In the case of an add-on child restraint system, from the mass of the seat back of the standard seat assembly specified in S6.1, or
(b) In the case of a built-in child restraint system, from the mass of any part of the vehicle into which the child restraint system is built.
S5.4.3.3 Seating systems. Except for child restraint systems subject to S5.4.3.4, each child restraint system that is designed for use by a child in a seated position and that has belts designed to restrain the child, shall, with the test dummy specified in S7 positioned in the system in accordance with S10 provide:
(a) Upper torso restraint in the form of:
(a)(i) Belts passing over each shoulder of the child, or
(a)(ii) A fixed or movable surface that complies with S5.2.2.1(c), and
(b) Lower torso restraint in the form of:
(b)(i) A lap belt assembly making an angle between 45º and 90º with the child restraint seating surface at the lap belt attachment points, or
(b)(ii) A fixed or movable surface that complies with S5.2.2.1(c), and
(c) In the case of each seating system recommended for children whose masses are more than 10 kg, crotch restraint in the form of:
(c)(i) A crotch belt connectable to the lap belt or other device used to restrain the lower torso, or
(c)(ii) A fixed or movable surface that complies with S5.2.2.1(c).
S5.4.3.4 Harnesses. Each child harness shall:
(a) Provide upper torso restraint, including belts passing over each shoulder of the child;
(b) Provide lower torso restraint by means of lap and crotch belt; and
(c) Prevent a child of any height for which the restraint is recommended for use pursuant to S5.5.2(f) from standing upright on the vehicle seat when the child is placed in the device in accordance with the instructions required by S5.6.
S5.4.3.5 Buckle release. Any buckle in a child restraint system belt assembly designed to restrain a child using the system shall:
(a) When tested in accordance with S6.2.1 prior to the dynamic test of S6.1, not release when a force of less than 40 newtons (N) is applied and shall release when a force of not more than 62 N is applied;
(b) After the dynamic test of S6.1, when tested in accordance with the appropriate sections of S6.2, release when a force of not more than 71 N is applied, provided, however, that the conformance of any child restraint to this requirement is determined using the largest of the test dummies specified in S7 for use in testing that restraint when the restraint is facing forward, rearward, and/or laterally;
(c) Meet the requirements of S4.3(d)(2) of FMVSS No. 209 (§571.209) when tested in accordance with S5.2(g) of FMVSS No. 209; and
(e) Not release during the testing specified in S6.1.
S5.5 Labeling.
Any labels or written instructions provided in addition to those required by this section shall not obscure or confuse the meaning of the required information or be otherwise misleading to the consumer. Any labels or written instructions other than in the English language shall be an accurate translation of English labels or written instructions.
S5.5.1 Each add–on child restraint system shall be permanently labeled with the information specified in S5.5.2 (a) through (m).
S5.5.2 The information specified in paragraphs (a) through (m) of this section shall be stated in the English language and lettered in letters and numbers that are not smaller than 10 point type. Unless otherwise specified, the information shall be labeled on a white background with black text. Unless written in all capitals, the information shall be stated in sentence capitalization.
(a) The model name or number of the system.
(b) The manufacturer's name. A distributor's name may be used instead if the distributor assumes responsibility for all duties and liabilities imposed on the manufacturer with respect to the system by the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, as amended.
(c) The statement: "Manufactured in __," inserting the month and year of manufacture.
(d) The place of manufacture (city and State, or foreign country). However, if the manufacturer uses the name of the distributor, then it shall state the location (city and State, or foreign country) of the principal offices of the distributor.
(e) The statement: "This child restraint system conforms to all applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standards."
(f) One of the following statements, as appropriate, inserting the
manufacturer's recommendations for the maximum mass of children who can safely
occupy the system, except that booster seats shall not be recommended for
children whose masses are less than 13.6 kg. For seats that can only be used as
belt-positioning seats, manufacturers must include the maximum and minimum
recommended height, but may delete the reference to weight:
(f)(1)
Use only with children who weigh _____ pounds (_____ kg) or less and whose
height is (insert values in English and
metric units; use of word “mass” in label is optional) or less; or
(f)(2)
Use only with children who weigh between _____ and _____ pounds (insert appropriate values in English and
metric units; use of word “mass” in label is optional) and whose height is
(insert values in English and metric
units) or less and who are capable of sitting upright alone; or
(f)(3)
Use only with children who weigh between _____ and _____ pounds (insert appropriate values in English and
metric units; use of word “mass” in label is optional) and whose height is
(insert appropriate values in English and
metric units) or less.
(f)(4) Use only with children who weigh between ---- and ---- pounds (insert appropriate English and metric values; use of word “mass” is optional) and whose height is between ---- and ---- (insert appropriate values in English and metric units).
(g)
The statements specified in paragraphs (1) and (2):
(g)(1) A heading as specified in S5.5.2(k)(3)(i), with the statement “WARNING! DEATH or SERIOUS INJURY
can occur,” capitalized as written and followed by bulleted statements in the
following order:
(g)(1)(i) As appropriate,
the statements required by the following sections will be bulleted and placed
after the statement required by 5.5.2(g)(1) in the following order: 5.5.2(k)(1)
or 5.5.2(k)(2), 5.5.2(f), 5.5.2(h), 5.5.2(j), and 5.5.2(i).
(g)(1)(ii) Secure this child restraint with the vehicle's child restraint
anchorage system if available or with a vehicle belt. [For car beds, harnesses,
and belt positioning boosters, the first part of the statement regarding
attachment by the child restraint anchorage system is optional.]
(g)(1)(iii)
Follow all instructions on this child restraint and in the written instructions
located (insert storage location on the
restraint for the manufacturer's installation instruction booklet or sheet).
(g)(1)(iv) Register your
child restraint with the manufacturer.
(g)(2)
At the manufacturer's option, the phrase “DEATH or SERIOUS INJURY can occur” in
the heading can be on either a white or yellow background.
(g)(3) More than one label may be used for the required bulleted statements.
Multiple labels shall be placed one above the other unless that arrangement is
precluded by insufficient space or shape of the child restraint. In that case,
multiple labels shall be placed side by side. When using multiple labels, the
mandated warnings must be in the correct order when read from top to bottom. If
the labels are side-by-side, then the mandated warnings must appear top to
bottom of the leftmost label, then top to bottom of the next label to its
right, and so on. There shall be no intervening labels and the required heading
shall only appear on the first label in the sequence.
(h)
In the case of each child restraint system that has belts designed to restrain
children using them and which do not adjust automatically to fit the child:
Snugly adjust the belts provided with this child restraint around your child.
(i)(1) For a booster seat that is recommended for use with either a vehicle's Type I or Type II seat belt assembly, one of the following statements, as appropriate:
(i)(1)(i) Use only the
vehicle's lap and shoulder belt system when restraining the child in this
booster seat; or,
(i)(1)(ii)
Use only the vehicle's lap belt system, or the lap belt part of a lap/shoulder belt
system with the shoulder belt placed behind the child, when restraining the
child in this seat.
(i)(2)(i) Except as
provided in paragraph (i)(2)(ii)
of this section, for a booster seat which is recommended for use with both a
vehicle's Type I and Type II seat belt assemblies, the following statement: Use
only the vehicle's lap belt system, or the lap belt part of a lap/shoulder belt
system with the shoulder belt placed behind the child, when restraining the
child with the (insert description of the
system element provided to restrain forward movement of the child's torso when
used with a lap belt (e.g., shield)), and only the vehicle's lap and
shoulder belt system when using the booster without the (insert above description).
(i)(2)(ii)
A booster seat which is recommended for use with both a vehicle's Type I and
Type II seat belt assemblies is not subject to S5.5.2(i)(2)(i) if, when the booster is used with
the shield or similar component, the booster will cause the shoulder belt to be
located in a position other than in front of the child when the booster is installed.
However, such a booster shall be labeled with a warning to use the booster with
the vehicle's lap and shoulder belt system when using the booster without a
shield.
(j) In the case of
each child restraint system equipped with a top anchorage strap, the statement:
Secure the top anchorage strap provided with this child restraint.
(k)(1)
In the case of each rear-facing child restraint system that is designed for
infants only, the statement: Use only in a rear-facing position when using it
in the vehicle.
(k)(2)
In the case of a child restraint system that is designed to be used
rearward-facing for infants and forward-facing for older children, the
statement: Use only in a rear-facing position when using it with an infant
weighing less than (insert a recommended
weight that is not less than 20 pounds).
(k)(3)
Except as provided in (k)(4) of this section, each child restraint system that
can be used in a rear-facing position shall have a label that conforms in content
to Figure 10 and to the requirements of S5.5.2(k)(3)(i) through S5.5.2(k)(3)(iii) of this
standard permanently affixed to the outer surface of the cushion or padding in
or adjacent to the area where a child's head would rest, so that the label is plainly
visible and easily readable.
(k)(3)(i) The heading
area shall be yellow with the word “warning” and the alert symbol in black.
(k)(3)(ii)
The message area shall be white with black text. The message area shall be no
less than 30 square cm.
(k)(3)(iii)
The pictogram shall be black with a red circle and slash on a white background.
The pictogram shall be no less than 30 mm in diameter.
(k)(4)
If a child restraint system is equipped with a device that deactivates the
passenger-side air bag in a vehicle when and only when the child restraint is
installed in the vehicle and provides a signal, for at least 60 seconds after
deactivation, that the air bag is deactivated, the label specified in Figure 10
may include the phrase “unless air bag is off” after “on front seat with air
bag.”
(l)
An installation diagram showing the child restraint system installed in:
(l)(1)
A seating position equipped with a continuous-loop lap/shoulder belt;
(l)(2)
A seating position equipped with only a lap belt, as specified in the
manufacturer's instructions; and
(l)(3)
A seating position equipped with a child restraint anchorage system.
(m) One of the following statements, inserting an address
and a
(m)(i) “Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if available (preceding four words are optional) and the restraint's model number and manufacturing date to (insert address) or call (insert a U.S. telephone number). For recall information, call the U.S. Government's Vehicle Safety Hotline at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424-9153), or go to http://www.NHTSA.gov.”
(m)(ii) “Child restraints could be recalled for safety
reasons. You must register this restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your
name, address, e-mail address if available [preceding four words are optional],
and the restraint's model number and manufacturing date to (insert address) or
call (insert a
(n) Child restraint systems, other than belt-positioning seats, harnesses and backless child restraint systems, may be certified as complying with the provisions of S8. Child restraints that are so certified shall be labeled with the statement "This Restraint is Certified for Use in Motor Vehicles and Aircraft." Belt-positioning seats, harnesses and backless child restraint systems shall be labeled with the statement "This Restraint is Not Certified for Use in Aircraft." The statement required by this paragraph shall be in red lettering and shall be placed after the certification statement required by S5.5.2(e).
S5.5.3 The information specified in S5.5.2(f) through (l) shall be located
on the add-on child restraint system so that it is visible when the system is
installed as specified in S5.6.1, except that for child restraints with a
detachable base, the installation diagrams specified in S5.5.2(l) are required
to be visible only when the base alone is installed.
S5.5.4 (a) Each built-in child restraint system other than a factory-installed built-in restraint shall be permanently labeled with the information specified in S5.5.5 (a) through (l). The information specified in S5.5.5(a) through (j) and in S5.5.5(l) shall be visible when the system is activated for use.
(b) Each factory-installed built-in child restraint shall be permanently labeled with the information specified in S5.5.5(f) through (j) and S5.5.5(l), so that the information is visible when the restraint is activated for use. The information shall also be included in the vehicle owner's manual.
S5.5.5 The information specified in paragraphs (a) through (l) of this section that is required by S5.5.4 shall be in English and lettered in letters and numbers using a not smaller than 10 point type. Unless specified otherwise, the information shall be labeled on a white background with black text. Unless written in all capitals, the information shall be stated in sentence capitalization.
(a) The model name or number of the system.
(b) The manufacturer's name. A distributor's or dealer's name may be used instead if the distributor or dealer assumes responsibility for all duties and liabilities imposed on the manufacturer with respect to the system by the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, as amended.
(c) The statement: "Manufactured in__________________," inserting the month and year of manufacture.
(d) The place of manufacture (city and State, or foreign country). However, if the manufacturer uses the name of the distributor or dealer, then it shall state the location (city and State, or foreign country) of the principal offices of the distributor or dealer.
(e) The statement: "This child restraint system conforms to all applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standards."
(f) One of the following statements, inserting the manufacturer's recommendations
for the maximum mass of children who can safely occupy the system, except that
booster seats shall not be recommended for children whose masses are less than
13.6 kg. For seats that can only be used as belt-positioning seats,
manufacturers must include the maximum and minimum recommended height, but may
delete the reference to weight:
(f)(1)
Use only with children who weigh _______ pounds (_______ kg) or less and whose
height is (insert values in English and
metric units; use of word “mass” in label is optional) or less; or
(f)(2)
Use only with children who weigh between _______ and _______ pounds (_______
and _______ kg) and whose height is (insert
appropriate values in English and metric units; use of word “mass” in label is
optional) or less and who are capable of sitting upright alone; or
(f)(3)
Use only with children who weigh between _______ and _______ pounds (_______
and _______ kg) and whose height is (insert
appropriate values in English and metric units; use of word “mass” in label is
optional) or less.
(f)(4) Use only with children who weigh between ---- and ---- pounds (insert appropriate English and metric values; use of word “mass” is optional) and whose height is between ---- and ---- (insert appropriate values in English and metric units).
(g)
The heading and statement specified in paragraph (1), and if appropriate, the
statements in paragraph (2) and (3). If used, the statements in paragraphs (2)
and (3) shall be bulleted and precede the bulleted statement required by
paragraph (1) after the heading.
(g)(1) A heading as specified in S5.5.2(k)(3)(i), with the statement “WARNING! DEATH or SERIOUS INJURY
can occur,” capitalized as written and followed by the bulleted statement:
Follow all instructions on the child restraint and in the vehicle's owner's
manual. At the manufacturer's option, the phrase “DEATH or SERIOUS INJURY can
occur” in the heading can be on either a white or yellow background.
(g)(2)
In the case of each built-in child restraint system which is not intended for
use in motor vehicles in certain adjustment positions or under certain
circumstances, an appropriate statement of the manufacturer’s restrictions
regarding those positions or circumstances.
(g)(3)
As appropriate, the statements required by the following sections will be
bulleted and placed after the statement required by 5.5.5(g)(1) in the following order:
5.5.5(g)(2), 5.5.5(f), S5.5.5(h) and S5.5.5(i).
(h)
In the case of each built-in child restraint system that has belts designed to
restrain children using them and which do not adjust automatically to fit the
child: Snugly adjust the belts provided with this child restraint around your
child.
(i) In the case of each built-in child restraint which can be used in a rear-facing position, the following statement: Place an infant in a rear-facing position in this child restraint.
(j) A diagram or diagrams showing the fully activated child restraint system in infant and/or child configurations.
(k) One of the following statements, inserting an address
and a
(k)(i)
“Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this
restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if
available (preceding four words are optional), and the restraint's model number
and manufacturing date to (insert address) or call (insert a
(k)(ii) “Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if available (preceding four words are optional), and the restraint's model number and manufacturing date to (insert address) or call (insert telephone number) or register online at (insert Web site for electronic registration form). For recall information, call the U.S. Government's Vehicle Safety Hotline at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424-9153), or go to http://www.NHTSA.gov.”
(i)
“Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this
restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if
available (optional), and the restraint's model number and manufacturing date
to (insert address) or call (insert a
(ii) “Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if available (optional), and the restraint's model number and manufacturing date to (insert address) or call (insert telephone number) or register online at (insert Web site for electronic registration form). For recall information, call the U.S. Government's Auto Safety Hotline at 1-800-424-9393.”
(l) In the case of a built-in belt-positioning seat that uses either the vehicle's Type I or Type II belt systems or both, a statement describing the manufacturer's recommendations for the maximum height and weight of children who can safely occupy the system and how the booster should be used (e.g., with or without shield) with the different vehicle belt systems.
S5.6 Printed Instructions for Proper Use.
Any labels or written instructions provided in
addition to those required by this section shall not obscure or confuse the
meaning of the required information or be otherwise misleading to the consumer.
Any labels or written instructions other than in the English language shall be
an accurate translation of English labels or written instructions. Unless
written in all capitals, the information required by S5.6.1 through S5.6.3
shall be stated in sentence capitalization.
S5.6.1 Add–on child restraint systems. Each add-on child restraint system shall be accompanied by printed installation instructions in English that provide a step-by-step procedure, including diagrams, for installing the system in motor vehicles, securing the system in the vehicles, positioning a child in the system, and adjusting the system to fit the child. For each child restraint system that has components for attaching to a tether anchorage or a child restraint anchorage system, the installation instructions shall include a step-by-step procedure, including diagrams, for properly attaching to that anchorage or system.
S5.6.1.1 In a vehicle with rear designated seating positions, the instructions shall alert vehicle owners that, according to accident statistics, children are safer when properly restrained in the rear seating positions than in the front seating positions.
S5.6.1.2 The instructions shall specify in general terms the types of vehicles, the types of seating positions, and the types of vehicle safety belts with which the add–on child restraint system can or cannot be used.
S5.6.1.3 The instructions shall explain the primary consequences of not following the warnings required to be labeled on the child restraint system in accordance with S5.5.2 (g) through (k).
S5.6.1.4 The instructions for each car bed shall explain that the car bed should position in such a way that the child's head is near the center of the vehicle.
S5.6.1.5 The instructions shall state that add–on child restraint systems should be securely belted to the vehicle, even when they are not occupied, since in a crash an unsecured child restraint system may injure other occupants.
S5.6.1.6 Each add-on child restraint system shall have a location on the restraint for storing the manufacturer's instructions.
S5.6.1.7 One
of the following statements, inserting an address and a
(i)
“Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this
restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if
available (preceding four words are optional), and the restraint's model number
and manufacturing date to (insert address)
or call (insert a
(ii) “Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if available (preceding four words are optional), and the restraint's model number and manufacturing date to (insert address) or call (insert telephone number) or register online at (insert Web site for electronic registration form). For recall information, call the U.S. Government's Vehicle Safety Hotline at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424-9153), or go to http://www.NHTSA.gov.”
S5.6.1.8 In the case of each child restraint system that can be used in a position so that it is facing the rear of the vehicle, the instructions shall provide a warning against using rear–facing restraints at seating positions equipped with air bags, and shall explain the reasons for, and consequences of not following the warning. The instructions shall also include a statement that owners of vehicle with front passenger side air bags should refer to their vehicle owner's manual for child restraint installation instructions.
S5.6.1.9 In the case of each rear-facing child restraint system that has a means for repositioning the seating surface of the system that allows the system's occupant to move from a reclined position to an upright position during testing, the instructions shall include a warning against impeding the ability of the restraint to change adjustment position.
S5.6.1.10(a)
For instructions for a booster seat that is recommended for use with either a
vehicle's Type I or Type II seat belt assembly, one of the following
statements, as appropriate, and the reasons for the statement:
(a)(i) WARNING! USE
ONLY THE VEHICLE'S LAP AND SHOULDER BELT SYSTEM WHEN RESTRAINING THE CHILD IN
THIS BOOSTER SEAT; OR,
(a)(2)
WARNING! USE ONLY THE VEHICLE'S LAP BELT SYSTEM, OR THE LAP BELT PART OF A
LAP/SHOULDER BELT SYSTEM WITH THE SHOULDER BELT PLACED BEHIND THE CHILD, WHEN RESTRAINING
THE CHILD IN THIS SEAT.
(b)(1)
Except as provided in S5.6.1.10(b)(2), the instructions for a booster seat that
is recommended for use with both a vehicle's Type I and Type II seat belt
assemblies shall include the following statement and the reasons therefor: Warning!
Use only the vehicle's lap belt system, or the lap belt part of a lap/shoulder
belt system with the shoulder belt placed behind the child, when restraining
the child with the (insert description of
the system element provided to restrain forward movement of the child's torso
when used with a lap belt (e.g., shield)), and only the vehicle's lap and
shoulder belt system when using this booster without the (insert above description).
(b)(2) A booster seat which is recommended for use with both a vehicle's Type I and Type II seat belt assemblies is not subject to S5.6.1.10(b)(1) if, when the booster is used with the shield or similar component, the booster will cause the shoulder belt to be located in a position other than in front of the child when the booster is installed. However, the instructions for such a booster shall include a warning to use the booster with the vehicle's lap and shoulder belt system when using the booster without a shield.
(c) The instructions for belt-positioning seats shall include the statement, "This restraint is not certified for aircraft use," and the reasons for this statement.
S5.6.1.11 For harnesses that are manufactured for use on school bus seats,
the instructions must include the following statements:
“WARNING!
This restraint must only be used on school bus seats. Entire seat directly
behind must be unoccupied or have restrained occupants.” The labeling
requirement refers to a restrained occupant as: an occupant restrained by any
user appropriate vehicle restraint or child restraint system (e.g. lap belt,
lap and shoulder belt, booster, child seat, harness . . .).
S5.6.2 Built–in child restraint systems. Each built–in child restraint system shall be accompanied by printed instructions in English that provide a step–by–step procedure, including diagrams, for activating the restraint system, positioning a child in the system, adjusting the restraint and, if provided, the restraint harness to fit the child. The instructions for each built–in car bed shall explain that the child should be positioned in the bed in such a way that the child's head is near the center of the vehicle.
(b) Each motor vehicle equipped with a factory–installed built–in child restraint shall have the information specified in paragraph (a) of this section included in its vehicle owner's manual.
S5.6.2.1 The instructions shall explain the primary consequences of not following the manufacturer's warnings for proper use of the child restraint system in accordance with S5.5.5(f) through (i).
S5.6.2.2 The
instructions for each built-in child restraint system other than a
factory-installed restraint, shall include one of the following statements,
inserting an address and a
(i)
“Child restraints could be recalled for safety reasons. You must register this
restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your name, address, e-mail address if
available (preceding four words are optional), and the restraint's model number
and manufacturing date to (insert address)
or call (insert a
(ii) “Child restraints could be recalled for safety
reasons. You must register this restraint to be reached in a recall. Send your
name, address, e-mail address if available (preceding four words are optional),
and the restraint's model number and manufacturing date to (insert address) or call (insert
S5.6.2.3 Each built–in child restraint system other than a factory–installed built–in restraint, shall have a location on the restraint for storing the instructions.
S5.6.2.4
Each built–in child restraint system, other than a system that has been
installed in a vehicle or a factory–installed built–in system that is designed
for a specific vehicle model and seating position, shall be accompanied by
instructions in English that provide a step–by–step procedure for installing
the system in a motor vehicle. The instructions shall specify the types of
vehicles and the seating positions into which the restraint can or cannot be
installed. The instructions for each car bed shall explain that the bed should
be installed so that the child's head will be near the center of the vehicle. [Redesignated
per 67 FR 61529,
S5.6.2.5
In the case of a built-in belt-positioning seat that uses either the vehicle's
Type I or Type II belt systems or both, the instructions shall include a
statement describing the manufacturer's recommendations for the maximum height
and weight of children who can safely occupy the system and how the booster
must be used with the vehicle belt systems appropriate for the booster seat.
The instructions shall explain the consequences of not following the directions.
The instructions shall specify that, if the booster seat is recommended for use
with only the lap-belt part of a Type II assembly, the shoulder belt portion of
the assembly must be placed behind the child. [Redesignated per 67 FR
61529,
S5.6.3 Add-on and built-in child restraint systems.
In the case of each child restraint system that has belts designed to restrain children using them and which do not adjust automatically to fit the child, the printed instructions shall include the following statement: A snug strap should not allow any slack. It lies in a relatively straight line without sagging. It does not press on the child's flesh or push the child's body into an unnatural position.
S5.7 Flammability. Each material used in a child restraint system shall conform to the requirements of S4 of FMVSS No. 302 (571.302). In the case of a built–in child restraint system, the requirements of S4 of FMVSS No. 302 shall be met in both the "in–use" and "stowed" positions.
S5.8 Information
requirements--attached registration form and electronic registration form.
S5.8.1 Attached registration form.
(a) Each child restraint system, except a factory-installed built-in restraint system, shall have a registration form attached to any surface of the restraint that contacts the dummy when the dummy is positioned in the system in accordance with S6.1.2 of Standard 213.
(b) Each attached form shall:
(b)(1) Consist of a postcard that is attached at a perforation to an informational card;
(b)(2) Conform in size, content and format to Figures 9a and 9b of this section; and
(b)(3) Have a thickness of at least 0.007 inches and not more than 0.0095 inches.
(c) Each postcard shall provide the model name or number and date of manufacture (month, year) of the child restraint system to which the form is attached, shall contain space for the purchaser to record his or her name, mailing address, and at the manufacturer's option, e-mail address, shall be addressed to the manufacturer, and shall be postage paid. No other information shall appear on the postcard, except identifying information that distinguishes a particular child restraint system from other systems of that model name or number may be preprinted in the shaded area of the postcard, as shown in figure 9a.
(d) Manufacturers may voluntarily provide a web address on the informational
card enabling owners to register child restraints online, provided that the Web
address is a direct link to the electronic registration form meeting the
requirements of S5.8.2 of this section.
S5.8.2 Electronic
registration form.
(a) Each electronic registration form must meet the requirements of this S5.8.2. Each form shall:
(a)(1) Contain the following statements at the top of the form:
(a)(1)(i) “FOR YOUR CHILD'S CONTINUED SAFETY” (Displayed in bold type face, caps, and minimum 12 point type.)
(a)(1)(ii) “Although child restraint systems undergo testing and evaluation, it is possible that a child restraint could be recalled.” (Displayed in bold typeface, caps and lower case, and minimum 12 point type.)
(a)(1)(iii) “In case of a recall, we can reach you only if we have your name and address, so please fill in the registration form to be on our recall list.” (Displayed in bold typeface, caps and lower case, and minimum 12 point type.)
(a)(1)(iv) “In order to properly register your child restraint system, you will need to provide the model number, serial number and date of manufacture. This information is printed on the registration card and can also be found on a white label located on the back of the child restraint system.” (Displayed in bold typeface, caps and lower case, and minimum 12 point type.)
(a)(1)(v) “This registration is only applicable to child restraint systems
purchased in the
(a)(2) Provide as required registration fields, space for the purchaser to record the model name or number and date of manufacture (month, year) of the child restraint system, and space for the purchaser to record his or her name and mailing address. At the manufacturer's option, a space is provided for the purchaser to record his or her e-mail address.
(b) No other information shall appear on the electronic registration form, except for information identifying the manufacturer or a link to the manufacturer's home page, a field to confirm submission, and a prompt to indicate any incomplete or invalid fields prior to submission. Accessing the web page that contains the electronic registration form shall not cause additional screens or electronic banners to appear.
(c) The electronic registration form shall be accessed directly by the web address that the manufacturer printed on the attached registration form. The form must appear on screen when the consumer has inputted the web address provided by the manufacturer, without any further keystrokes on the keyboard or clicks of the mouse.
S5.9 Attachment to child restraint anchorage system.
(a) Each add-on child restraint
anchorage system manufactured on or after
(b) In the case of each child restraint system that is manufactured on or after September 1, 1999 and that has components for attaching the system to a tether anchorage, those components shall include a tether hook that conforms to the configuration and geometry specified in Figure 11 of this standard.
(c) In the case of each child restraint system that is manufactured on or after September 1, 1999 and that has components, including belt webbing, for attaching the system to a tether anchorage or to a child restraint anchorage system, the belt webbing shall be adjustable so that the child restraint can be tightly attached to the vehicle.
(d) Each child restraint system, other than a system with hooks for attaching to the lower anchorages of the child restraint anchorage system, shall provide either a clear audible indication when each attachment to the lower anchorages becomes fully latched or attached, or a clear visual indication that all attachments to the lower anchorages are fully latched or attached. Visual indications shall be detectable under normal daylight lighting conditions.
S6. Test conditions and procedures.
S6.1 Dynamic systems test for child restraint systems.
The test conditions described in S6.1.1 apply to the dynamic systems test. The test procedure for the dynamic systems test is specified in S6.1.2. The test dummy specified in S7 is placed in the test specimen (child restraint), clothed as described in S9 and positioned according to S10.
S6.1.1 Test conditions.
(a)(1) Add-on child restraints.
(a)(1)(i)
The test device for add-on restraint systems manufactured before August 1, 2005
is a standard seat assembly consisting of a simulated vehicle bench seat, with
three seating positions, which is described in Drawing Package SAS-100-1000 with Addendum A: Seat Base Weldment
(consisting of drawings and a bill of materials), dated October 23, 1998
(incorporated by reference in §571.5).
The assembly is mounted on a dynamic test platform so that the center SORL of the seat is parallel to the
direction of the test platform travel and so that movement between the base of
the assembly and the platform is prevented.
(a)(1)(ii) The test device for add-on restraint systems manufactured on or
after August 1, 2005 is a standard seat assembly consisting of a simulated
vehicle bench seat, with three seating positions, which is depicted in Drawing
Package, “NHTSA Standard Seat Assembly; FMVSS
No. 213, No. NHTSA-213-2003,” (consisting of drawings and a bill of materials)
dated
(a)(2) The test device for built-in child restraint systems is either the specific vehicle shell or the specific vehicle.
(a)(2)(i) Specific vehicle shell.
(a)(2)(i)(A) The specific vehicle shell, if selected for testing, is mounted on a dynamic test platform so that the longitudinal center line of the shell is parallel to the direction of the test platform travel and so that movement between the base of the shell and the platform is prevented. Adjustable seats are in the adjustment position midway between the forwardmost and rearmost positions, and if separately adjustable in a vertical direction, are at the lowest position. If an adjustment position does not exist midway between the forwardmost and rearmost position, the closest adjustment position to the rear of the midpoint is used. Adjustable seat backs are in the manufacturer's nominal design riding position. If such a position is not specified, the seat back is positioned so that the longitudinal center line of the child test dummy's neck is vertical, and if an instrumented test dummy is used, the accelerometer surfaces in the dummy's head and thorax, as positioned in the vehicle, are horizontal. If the vehicle seat is equipped with adjustable head restraints, each is adjusted to its highest adjustment position.
(a)(2)(i)(B) The platform is instrumented with an accelerometer and data processing system having a frequency response of 60 Hz channel class as specified in Society of Automotive Engineers Recommended Practice J211 JUN80 "Instrumentation for Impact Tests." The accelerometer sensitive axis is parallel to the direction of test platform travel.
(a)(2)(ii) Specific vehicle. For built-in child restraint systems, an alternate test device is the specific vehicle into which the built-in system is fabricated. The following test conditions apply to this alternate test device.
(a)(2)(ii)(A) The vehicle is loaded to its unloaded vehicle weight plus its rated cargo and luggage capacity weight, secured in the luggage area, plus the appropriate child test dummy and, at the vehicle manufacturer's option, an anthropomorphic test dummy which conforms to the requirements of Subpart B or Subpart E of Part 572 of this title for a 50th percentile adult male dummy placed in the front outboard seating position. If the built-in child restraint system is installed at one of the seating positions otherwise requiring the placement of a Part 572 test dummy, then in the frontal barrier crash specified in (c), the appropriate child test dummy shall be substituted for the Part 572 adult dummy, but only at that seating position. The fuel tank is filled to any level from 90 to 95 percent of capacity.
(a)(2)(ii)(B) Adjustable seats are in the adjustment position midway between the forward-most and rearmost positions, and if separately adjustable in a vehicle direction, are at the lowest position. If an adjustment position does not exist midway between the forward-most and rearmost positions, the closest adjustment position to the rear of the midpoint is used.
(a)(2)(ii)(C) Adjustable seat backs are in the manufacturer's nominal design riding position. If a nominal position is not specified, the seat back is positioned so that the longitudinal center line of the child test dummy's neck is vertical, and if an anthropomorphic test dummy is used, the accelerometer surfaces in the test dummy's head and thorax, as positioned in the vehicle, are horizontal. If the vehicle is equipped with adjustable head restraints, each is adjusted to its highest adjustment position.
(a)(2)(ii)(D) Movable vehicle windows and vents are, at the manufacturer's option, placed in the fully closed position.
(a)(2)(ii)(E) Convertibles and open-body type vehicles have the top, if any, in place in the closed passenger compartment configuration.
(a)(2)(ii)(F) Doors are fully closed and latched but not locked.
(a)(2)(ii)(G) All instrumentation and data reduction is in conformance with SAE J211 JUN80.
(b) The tests are frontal barrier impact simulations of the test platform or frontal barrier crashes of the specific vehicles as specified in S5.1 of §571.208 and for:
(b)(1) Test Configuration I, are at a velocity change of 48 km/h with the acceleration of the test platform entirely within the curve shown in Figure 2 (for child restraints manufactured before August 1, 2005) or in Figure 2A (for child restraints manufactured on or after August 1, 2005), or for the specific vehicle test with the deceleration produced in a 48 km/h frontal barrier crash.
(b)(2) Test Configuration II, are set at a velocity change of 32 km/h with the acceleration of the test platform entirely within the curve shown in Figure 3, or for the specific vehicle test, with the deceleration produced in a 32 km/h frontal barrier crash.
(c) As illustrated in Figures 1A and 1B of this standard, attached to the seat belt anchorage points provided on the standard seat assembly are Type 1 seat belt assemblies in the case of add-on child restraint systems other than belt-positioning seats, or Type 2 seat belt assemblies in the case of belt-positioning seats. These seat belt assemblies meet the requirements of Standard No. 209 (§571.209) and have webbing with a width of not more than 2 inches, and are attached to the anchorage points without the use of retractors or reels of any kind. As illustrated in Figures 1A" and 1B" of this standard, attached to the standard seat assembly is a child restraint anchorage system conforming to the specifications of Standard No. 225 (§571.225), in the case of add-on child restraint systems other than belt-positioning booster seats.
(d)(1) When using the test dummies specified in 49 CFR Part 572, subparts C,
I, J, or K, performance tests under S6.1 are conducted at any ambient
temperature from 19 ºC to 26 ºC and at any relative humidity from 10 percent to
70 percent.
(d)(2) When using the test dummies specified in 49 CFR Part 572, subparts N,
P or R, performance tests under S6.1 are conducted at any ambient temperature
from 20.6 ºC to 22.2 ºC and at any relative humidity from 10 percent to 70
percent.
(e) In the case of add-on child restraint systems, the restraint shall meet the requirements of S5 at each of its seat back angle adjustment positions and restraint belt routing positions, when the restraint is oriented in the direction recommended by the manufacturer (e.g., forward, rearward or laterally) pursuant to S5.6, and tested with the test dummy specified in S7.
S6.1.2 Dynamic test
procedure.
(a)(1)(i) Child restraints other than belt-positioning seats. Attach the child restraint in any of the following manners specified in S6.1.2(a)(1)(i)(A) through (D), unless otherwise specified in this standard.
(a)(1)(i)(A) Install the child restraint system at the center seating position of the standard seat assembly, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided with the system pursuant to S5.6.1, except that the standard lap belt is used and, if provided, a tether strap may be used. For harnesses that bear the label shown in Figure 12 and that meet S5.3.1(b)(1) through S5.3.1(b)(3), attach the harness in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided with the system pursuant to S5.6.1, i.e., the seat back mount is used.
(a)(1)(i)(B) Except for a child harness, a backless child restraint system with a tether strap, and a restraint designed for use by physically handicapped children, install the child restraint system at the center seating position of the standard seat assembly as in S6.1.2(a)(1)(i)(A), except that no tether strap (or any other supplemental device) is used.
(a)(1)(i)(C) Install the child restraint system using the child restraint anchorage system at the center seating position of the standard seat assembly in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided with the system pursuant to S5.6.1. The tether strap, if one is provided, is attached to the tether anchorage.
(a)(1)(i)(D) Install the child restraint system using only the lower anchorages of the child restraint anchorage system as in S6.1.2(a)(1)(i)(C). No tether strap (or any other supplemental device) is used.
(a)(1)(ii) Belt-positioning seats. A belt-positioning seat is attached to either outboard seating position of the standard seat assembly in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided with the system pursuant to S5.6.1 using only the standard vehicle lap and shoulder belt and no tether (or any other supplemental device).
(a)(1)(iii) In the case of each built-in child restraint system, activate the restraint in the specific vehicle shell or the specific vehicle, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided in accordance with S5.6.2.
(a)(2) Test configuration II. (i) In the case of each add-on child restraint system which is equipped with a fixed or movable surface described in S5.2.2.2, or a backless child restraint system with a top anchorage strap, install the add-on child restraint system at the center seating position of the standard seat assembly using only the standard seat lap belt to secure the system to the standard seat.
(a)(2)(ii) In the case of each built-in child restraint system which is equipped with a fixed or movable surface described in S5.2.2.2, or a built-in booster seat with a top anchorage strap, activate the system in the specific vehicle shell or the specific vehicle in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided in accordance with S5.6.2.
(b) Select any dummy specified in S7 for testing systems for use by children of the heights and weights for which the system is recommended in accordance with S5.5. The dummy is assembled, clothed and prepared as specified in S7 and S9 and Part 572 of this chapter, as appropriate.
(c) Place the dummy in the child restraint. Position it, and attach the child restraint belts, if appropriate, as specified in S10.
(d) Belt adjustment.
(d)(1) Add-on systems other than belt-positioning seats.
(d)(1)(i) If appropriate, shoulder and pelvic belts that directly restrain the dummy shall be adjusted as follows: Tighten the belts until a 9 N force applied (as illustrated in figure 5) to the webbing at the top of each dummy shoulder and to the pelvic webbing 50 mm on either side of the torso midsagittal plane pulls the webbing 7 mm from the dummy.
(d)(1)(ii) All Type I belt
systems used to attach an add-on child restraint system to the standard seat
assembly, and any provided additional anchorage belt (tether), are tightened to
a tension of not less than 53.5 N and not more than 67 N, as measured by a load
cell used on the webbing portion of the belt. All belt systems used to attach a
harness that bears the label shown in Figure 12 and that meets S5.3.1(b)(i) through
S5.3.1(b)(iii) are also tightened to a tension of not less than 53.5 N and not
more than 67 N, by measurement means specified in this paragraph.
(d)(1)(iii) When attaching a child restraint system to the tether anchorage and the child restraint anchorage system on the standard seat assembly, tighten all belt systems used to attach the restraint to the standard seat assembly to a tension of not less than 53.5 N and not more than 67 N, as measured by a load cell or other suitable means used on the webbing portion of the belt.
(d)(2) Add-on belt-positioning seats.
(d)(2)(i) The lap portion of Type II belt systems used to attach the child restraint to the standard seat assembly is tightened to a tension of not less than 53.5 N and not more than 67 N, as measured by a load cell used on the webbing portion of the belt.
(d)(2)(ii) The shoulder portion of Type II belt systems used to restrain the dummy is tightened to a tension of not less than 9 N and not more than 18 N, as measured by a load cell used on the webbing portion of the belt.
(d)(3) Built-in child restraint systems.
(d)(3)(i) The lap portion of Type II belt systems used to secure a dummy to the built-in child restraint system is tightened to a tension of not less than 53.5 N and not more than 67 N, as measured by a load cell used on the webbing portion of the belt.
(d)(3)(ii) The shoulder portion of Type II belt systems used to secure a child is tightened to a tension of not less than 9 N and not more than 18 N, as measured by a load cell used on the webbing portion of the belt.
(d)(3)(iii) If provided, and if appropriate to attach the child restraint belts under S10, shoulder (other than the shoulder portion of a Type II vehicle belt system) and pelvic belts that directly restrain the dummy shall be adjusted as follows: Tighten the belts until a 9 N force applied (as illustrated in figure 5) to the webbing at the top of each dummy shoulder and to the pelvic webbing 50 mm on either side of the torso midsagittal plane pulls the webbing 7 mm from the dummy.
(e) Accelerate the test platform to simulate frontal impact in accordance with Test Configuration I or II, as appropriate.
(f) Determine conformance with the requirements in S5.1.
S6.2 Buckle release test procedure.
The belt assembly buckles used in any child restraint system shall be tested in accordance with S6.2.1 through S6.2.4 inclusive.
S6.2.1 Before conducting the testing specified in S6.1, place the loaded buckle on a hard, flat, horizontal surface. Each belt end of the buckle shall be pre-loaded in the following manner. The anchor end of the buckle shall be loaded with a 9 N force in the direction away from the buckle. In the case of buckles designed to secure a single latch plate, the belt latch plate end of the buckle shall be pre-loaded with a 9 N force in the direction away from the buckle. In the case of buckles designed to secure two or more latch plates, the belt latch plate ends of the buckle shall be loaded equally so that the total load is 9 N, in the direction away from the buckle. For pushbutton-release buckles, the release force shall be applied by a conical surface (cone angle not exceeding 90 degrees). For pushbutton-release mechanisms with a fixed edge (referred to in Figure 7 as "hinged button"), the release force shall be applied at the centerline of the button, 3 mm away from the movable edge directly opposite the fixed edge, and in the direction that produces maximum releasing effect. For pushbutton-release mechanisms with no fixed edge (referred to in Figure 7 as "floating button"), the release force shall be applied at the center of the release mechanism in the direction that produces the maximum releasing effect. For all other buckle release mechanisms, the force shall be applied on the centerline of the buckle lever or finger tab in the direction that produces the maximum releasing effect. Measure the force required to release the buckle. Figure 7 illustrates the loading for the different buckles and the point where the release force should be applied, and Figure 8 illustrates the conical surface used to apply the release force to pushbutton-release buckles.
S6.2.2 After completion of the testing specified in S6.1 and before the buckle is unlatched, tie a self-adjusting sling to each wrist and ankle of the test dummy in the manner illustrated in Figure 4, without disturbing the belted dummy and the child restraint system.
S6.2.3 Pull the sling tied to the dummy restrained in the child restraint
system and apply the following force: 50 N for a system tested with a newborn
dummy; 90 N for a system tested with a 9-month-old dummy; 90 N for a system
tested with a 12-month-old dummy; 200 N for a system tested with a 3-year-old
dummy; or 270 N for a system tested with a 6-year-old dummy; or 350 N for a
system tested with a weighted 6-year-old dummy. The force is applied in the
manner illustrated in Figure 4 and as follows:
(a) Add-on Child Restraints. For an add-on child restraint other than a car bed, apply the specified force by pulling the sling horizontally and parallel to the SORL of the standard seat assembly. For a car bed, apply the force by pulling the sling vertically.
(b) Built-in Child Restraints. For a built-in child restraint other than a car bed, apply the force by pulling the sling parallel to the longitudinal center line of the specific vehicle shell or the specific vehicle. In the case of a car bed, apply the force by pulling the sling vertically.
S6.2.4 While applying the force specified in S6.2.3, and using the device shown in Figure 8 for pushbutton-release buckles, apply the release force in the manner and location specified in S6.2.1, for that type of buckle. Measure the force required to release the buckle.
S6.3 Head impact protection—energy absorbing material test procedure.
S6.3.1 Prepare and test specimens of the energy absorbing material used to comply with S5.2.3 in accordance with the applicable 25 percent compression-deflection test described in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard D1056-73, "Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—Sponge or Expanded Rubber," or D1564-71 "Standard Method of Testing Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab Urethane Foam" or D1565-76 "Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—Vinyl Chloride Polymer and Copolymer open-cell foams."
S7 Test dummies. (Subparts referenced in this section are of part 572 of this chapter.)
S7.1 Dummy selection.
Select any dummy specified in S7.1.1, S7.1.2 or S7.1.3, as appropriate, for testing systems for use by children of the height and mass for which the system is recommended in accordance with S5.5. A child restraint that meets the criteria in two or more of the following paragraphs in S7 may be tested with any of the test dummies specified in those paragraphs.
S7.1.1 Child restraints that are manufactured before
(a) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass of not greater than 5 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is not greater than 650 mm, is tested with a newborn test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart K.
(b) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass greater than 5 but not greater than 10 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is greater than 650 mm but not greater than 850 mm, is tested with a newborn test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart K, and a 9-month-old test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart J.
(c) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass greater than 10 kg but not greater than 18 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is greater than 850 mm but not greater than 1100 mm, is tested with a 9-month-old test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart J, and a 3-year-old test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart C and S7.2, provided, however, that the 9-month-old dummy is not used to test a booster seat.
(d) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass greater than 18 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is greater than 1100 mm, is tested with a 6-year-old child dummy conforming to part 572 subpart I.
S7.1.2 Child restraints that are manufactured on or after August 1, 2005, are subject to the following provisions and S7.1.3.
(a) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass of not greater than 5 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is not greater than 650 mm, is tested with a newborn test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart K.
(b) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass greater than 5 but not greater than 10 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is greater than 650 mm but not greater than 850 mm, is tested with a newborn test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart K, and a 12-month-old test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart R.
(c) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass greater than 10 kg but not greater than 18 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is greater than 850 mm but not greater than 1100 mm, is tested with a 12-month-old test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart R, and a 3-year-old test dummy conforming to part 572 subpart P and S7.2, provided, however, that the 12-month-old dummy is not used to test a booster seat.
(d) A child restraint that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includes any children having a mass greater than 18 kg, or by children in a specified height range that includes any children whose height is greater than 1100 mm, is tested with a 6-year-old child dummy conforming to part 572 subpart N.
(e) A child restraint that is manufactured on or after August 1, 2005, that is recommended by its manufacturer in accordance with S5.5 for use either by children in a specified mass range that includ